WORKS CITED

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GUCCI

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Begum, Tahmina. “Gucci Criticised For Cultural Appropriation On A Global Scale.” HuffPost, Huffington Post, 22 Feb. 2018, www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/gucci-autumn-winter-2018-show_uk_5a8e996be4b0161d4318dfdc.

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Casely-Hayford, Alice, et al. We Dare You To Go Inside Gucci's Operating Room. Refinery29, 21 Feb. 2018, www.refinery29.com/en-us/2018/02/191402/gucci-mfw-fall-2018-show.

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“Go Home Terrorist: A Report on Bullying Against Sikh American School Children.” Sikh Coalition, 2014.

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Green, Emma. “The Trouble With Wearing Turbans in America.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 27 Jan. 2015, www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/01/the-trouble-with-wearing-turbans-in-america/384832/.

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Segran, Elizabeth, and Elizabeth Segran. “Meet The Man Who Made Millennials Fall In Love With Gucci.” Fast Company, Fast Company, 5 Mar. 2018, www.fastcompany.com/40517585/meet-the-man-who-made-millennials-fall-in-love-with-gucci.

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Sturken, Marita, and Lisa Cartwright. Practices of Looking. Oxford University Press, 2003.

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Wang, Emily. “Gucci Is Being Accused of Appropriating Sikh Turbans and Hijabs at Milan Fashion Week.” Allure, Allure, 22 Feb. 2018, www.allure.com/story/gucci-turbans-hijabs-cultural-appropriation-milan-fashion-week.

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MARC JACOBS

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Andrews, Jessica. “Dear White Women, We Need to Talk About Coachella.” Teen Vogue, Teen Vogue, 21 Apr. 2018, www.teenvogue.com/story/coachella-cultural-appropriation.

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Battle, Marquaysa. “8 Times Schools Let Black Girls' Hair Interfere With Their Education.” Elite Daily, Elite Daily, 17 Dec. 2018, www.elitedaily.com/life/culture/black-girls-natural-hair-racism-schools/1953497.

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Biography.com Editors. “Marc Jacobs.” Biography.com, A&E Networks Television, 7 Sept. 2017, www.biography.com/people/marc-jacobs-594096.

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Blackistone, Kevin B. “Wrestler Being Forced to Cut Dreadlocks Was Manifestation of Decades of Racial Desensitization.” The Washington Post, WP Company, 28 Dec. 2018, www.washingtonpost.com/sports/wrestler-being-forced-to-cut-dreadlocks-was-manifestation-of-decades-of-racial-desensitization/2018/12/27/66f520ba-0a10-11e9-85b6-41c0fe0c5b8f_story.html?utm_term=.ea672e8be839.

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Calfat, Fernanda. “Marc Jacobs, Fashion's Great Appropriator, Turns to Rave Culture.” The Cut, The Cut, 16 Sept. 2016, www.thecut.com/2016/09/fashions-great-appropriator-turns-to-rave-culture.html.

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France, Lisa Respers. “'Can I Touch It?' The Fascination with Natural, African-American Hair.” CNN, Cable News Network, 25 July 2011, www.cnn.com/2011/LIVING/07/25/touching.natural.black.hair/index.html.

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Gutierrez-Morfin, Noel. “U.S. Court Rules Dreadlock Ban during Hiring Process Is Legal.” NBCNews.com, NBCUniversal News Group, 21 Sept. 2016, www.nbcnews.com/news/nbcblk/u-s-court-rules-dreadlock-ban-during-hiring-process-legal-n652211.

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Martin, Areva. “Black Hair Discrimination Can Harm Black Women and Men.” Time, Time, 23 Aug. 2017, time.com/4909898/black-hair-discrimination-ignorance/.

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Matera, Avery. “How Colleges Are Fighting Cultural Appropriation on Halloween.” Teen Vogue, Teen Vogue, 23 Oct. 2017, www.teenvogue.com/story/cultural-appropriation-halloween-college-response.

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Reporter Dailymail.com. “Giuliana Rancic 'Made Zendaya Hair Remark THREE Times' during Fashion Police.” Daily Mail Online, Associated Newspapers, 26 Feb. 2015, www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2969329/Giuliana-Rancic-Zendaya-hair-remark-THREE-times-Fashion-Police-taping-despite-Kelly-Osbourne-warning-not-say-it.html.

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Sturken, Marita, and Lisa Cartwright. Practices of Looking. Oxford University Press, 2003

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PRADA

 

“Blackface: The Birth of An American Stereotype.” National Museum of African American History and Culture, National Museum of African American History and Culture, 22 Nov. 2017, nmaahc.si.edu/blog-post/blackface-birth-american-stereotype.

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Ezie, Chyerein. “#StopBlackFace.” Chinyere Ezie - I Don't Make a Lot of Public Posts, but..., Facebook, www.facebook.com/chinyereezie/posts/10102198924210054?__tn__=-R.

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Lang, Cady. “Prada Pulls Keychain After Blackface Comparison Backlash.” Time, Time, 14 Dec. 2018, time.com/5480583/prada-blackface/.

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Ly, Laura. “Prada Pulls Products after Accusations of Blackface Imagery.” CNN, Cable News Network, 14 Dec. 2018, www.cnn.com/style/article/prada-pulls-products-blackface-imagery/index.html.

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Nelson, Karin. “Fashion's Most Iconic Pieces Are Suddenly Fresh Again.” W Magazine, W Magazine, 7 Sept. 2018, www.wmagazine.com/gallery/iconic-fashion-most-staples-prada-chanel-dior.

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Nittle, Nadra. “Prada Pulled a Collection of Figurines That Drew Comparisons to Anti-Black Caricatures.” Vox, Vox, 14 Dec. 2018, www.vox.com/the-goods/2018/12/14/18141320/prada-racist-blackface-imagery-sambo-figurines-charms.

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Prant, Dara. “Prada Apologizes for Racially Insensitive Monkey Trinkets.” Fashionista, Fashionista, 14 Dec. 2018, fashionista.com/2018/12/prada-monkey-racist-blackface.

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Singh-Kurtz, Sangeeta. “Prada's Red-Lipped Monkey Keychains Evoke a Long History of Racist Imagery.” Quartzy, Quartz, 14 Dec. 2018, qz.com/quartzy/1496250/why-pradas-monkey-trinkets-evoke-a-racist-past/.

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Tfl. “Why Do We All Freak Out About Prada?” The Fashion Law, The Fashion Law, 21 Sept. 2017, www.thefashionlaw.com/home/why-do-we-all-freak-out-about-prada.

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“The Coon Caricature.” The Coon Caricature - Anti-Black Imagery - Jim Crow Museum - Ferris State University, Ferris State University , www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/coon/.

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Vogue. “Miuccia Prada.” Vogue, British Vogue, 8 June 2018, www.vogue.co.uk/article/miuccia-prada.

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DOLCE & GABBANA

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Aitken, Roger. “Dolce & Gabbana's Brand Reputation 'In Rags' Over China Ad Outrage.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 25 Nov. 2018, www.forbes.com/sites/rogeraitken/2018/11/24/dolce-gabbanas-brand-reputation-in-rags-over-china-ad-outrage/#541c866a7e0d.

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Hall, Stuart. Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practice. Sage, 2009.

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Ritschel, Chelsea. “Dolce & Gabbana Accused of Racism in New Campaign.” The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 21 Nov. 2018, www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/dolce-and-gabbana-campaign-racism-china-dg-loves-china-fashion-designer-a8643761.html.

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Rivas, Mekita. “Dolce & Gabbana Apologized for Their 'Racist' Ad, But They Have a Long History of Being Problematic.” Teen Vogue, Teen Vogue, 26 Nov. 2018, www.teenvogue.com/gallery/dolce-gabbana-china-ad-apology-history-of-being-problematic.

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Xu, Yuhan. “Dolce & Gabbana Ad (With Chopsticks) Provokes Public Outrage in China.” NPR, NPR, 1 Dec. 2018, www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2018/12/01/671891818/dolce-gabbana-ad-with-chopsticks-provokes-public-outrage-in-china.

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Yim, Celeste. “Why People Who Know Better Still Laugh at Asian Accents.” Vice, VICE, 8 June 2017, www.vice.com/en_us/article/xw8wm4/why-people-still-laugh-at-asian-accents-an-investigation.

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DIOR

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Avins, Jenni. “Meet ‘Las Escaramuzas Charras," Mexico's Female Rodeo Stars Who Inspired Dior's Latest Collection.” Quartzy, Quartz, 17 Aug. 2018, qz.com/quartzy/1290086/mexicos-female-rodeo-stars-inspired-diors-latest-collection/.

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Cruz, Mariel, and Devin Doyle. “Riding High.” Vogue, Vogue, 25 May 2018, www.vogue.com/projects/13540751/escaramuza-women-costumes-charreria-style-mexico-arizona-mexican-equestrian-sport/.

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Diderich, Joelle. “Dior Cruise 2019.” WWD, WWD, 28 May 2018, wwd.com/runway/cruise-2019/paris/christian-dior/review/.

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Eckardt, Stephanie, and Stephanie Eckardt. “Decoding the Art History Lessons in Dior's Latest Slogan Tee.” W Magazine, W Magazine, 29 Oct. 2017, www.wmagazine.com/story/dior-feminist-slogan-tee-paris-fashion-week.

“Escaramuza Style: Mexican Cowgirls Inspire Dior Collection.” Mexico News Daily, Mexico New Daily , 26 May 2018, mexiconewsdaily.com/news/female-equestrians-from-mexicos-past-inspire-dior-collection/.

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Lezama, Nena.” “Dior Whitewashes Mexican Escaramuza Culture with Jennifer Lawrence.” HipLatina, HipLatina, 14 Nov. 2018, hiplatina.com/jennifer-lawrence-dior-escaramuza/.

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Mau, Dhani. “Dior Shows Cruise Collection Inspired by Female Mexican Rodeo Riders in the Pouring Rain.” Fashionista, Fashionista, 26 May 2018, fashionista.com/2018/05/dior-cruise-2019-review.

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Menkes, Suzy. “Dior Cruise 2019: Down Mexico Way.” Vogue, British Vogue, 26 May 2018, www.vogue.co.uk/article/dior-cruise-2019-down-mexico-way.

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Sowray, Bibby. “Christian Dior.” Vogue, British Vogue, 23 Aug. 2017, www.vogue.co.uk/article/christian-dior.

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Sturken, Marita, and Lisa Cartwright. Practices of Looking. Oxford University Press, 2003

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VALENTINO

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Bowles, Hamish. “Valentino Spring 2019 Couture Fashion Show.” Vogue, Vogue, 25 Jan. 2019, www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2019-couture/valentino.

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Brooks, Jazmin. “Valentino's Haute Couture Show Included 43 Black Models-Including Naomi Campbell.” Essence, ESSENCE, 24 Jan. 2019, www.essence.com/fashion/valentinos-show-included-43-black-models/.

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Foley, Bridget. “Valentino Couture Spring 2019.” WWD, WWD, 24 Jan. 2019, wwd.com/runway/spring-couture-2019/paris/valentino/review/.

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Foley, Katherine Ellen. “Racist Beauty Standards Are Leading Women of Color to Use More Toxic Products.” Quartz, Quartz, 18 Aug. 2017, qz.com/1054067/cosmetics-marketed-to-women-of-color-may-contain-more-harsh-chemicals/.

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Hargrove, Channing. “Valentino's Creative Director: ‘This Is The Inclusivity Of Haute Couture.’” Refinery29, Refinery29, 29 Jan. 2019, www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/01/222929/valentino-pierpaolo-piccioli-naomi-campbell-instagram.

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Michael, Michael Love. “Here's Why Everyone Cried at Valentino.” PAPER, PAPER, 24 Jan. 2019, www.papermag.com/valentino-naomi-campbell-2626898072.html?rebelltitem=2#rebelltitem2.

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O'Malley, Katie. “Naomi Campbell Returns to Valentino Couture Runway after 14 Years.” The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 24 Jan. 2019, www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/naomi-campbell-valentino-return-couture-spring-2019-a8743906.html.

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Solis, Marie. “Women of Color Point Out the Big Problem With White Beauty Standards.” Mic, Mic Network Inc., 25 May 2016, mic.com/articles/143873/women-of-color-point-out-the-big-problem-with-white-beauty-standards#.5PL240CfH.

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Tai, Cordelia. “Report: The Spring 2019 Runways Were the Most Racially Diverse Ever, but Europe Still Has a Major Age and Body Diversity Problem.” The Fashion Spot, The Fashion Spot, 17 Oct. 2018, www.thefashionspot.com/runway-news/807483-spring-2019-runway-diversity-report/.

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